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The studies have shown that, currently, the access to water resources is a serious problem for many countries all over the world, due to its unequal distribution. Also the way water is managed by the governments and the local population also represents a big problem. The impact of this unequal distribution of water on Earth is felt in many areas of human activity, from agriculture and industry to the health and even the quality of life.
Thus, if an American consumes on average 60 liters of water per month, an African consumes only 10 liters. The experts argue that the population, who receives less than 1,700 cubic meters /year, suffers from what is called „the water stress”. Due to mention is the fact that in some countries, the crisis of water shortage has already catastrophic proportions. But there is a solution.
The experts claim that the water desalination is a very good way of obtaining drinking water. Sometimes the water desalination equipment can be very expensive. But the investment is a very good solution. Most people who deal with water desalination equipment trading come from the United Arab Emirates. Dubai, for example, is the city known for always seeking for modern solutions to cope with the problems of nature.
The water desalination is a set of processes for separating salt from water. It is a necessary process in the areas where fresh water is not available. The desalination can be carried out by distillation, reverse osmosis or reverse electrodialysis. In 2011, the cubic meter of desalinated water cost around 0.53 dollars.
But the attempts of water desalination are not new. Since the IV century BC, Aristotle observed the principle of distillation. Later, the sailors desalinate seawater by simply boiling it, without any water desalination equipment. But the industrial use of this process, however, is recent. In 1960s, the water desalination was developed by using the process of reverse osmosis. Then, in 1978, in Djeddah, Saudi Arabia, the first unit of desalination of sea water that uses this new process was put into operation. Today, one of the largest desalination plants in the ocean, with a production capacity of 300 million cubic meters /year, can be found in Jebel Ali, United Arab Emirates.